Manifold for internal-combustion engines



Dec. 6, 1927.

R. K. JACK MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Aug. l1. 1924 provide a heating arrangement which will Panarea Dee. c, 1927.

UNITED STATES ROBERT K. JACK, 0F LANI'SING, MICHIGAN,

TION, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN,

ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL MOTORS CORPORA- A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION' ENGINES.

Application led August 11, :1924. Serial No. 731,459.

My yinvention relates to internal combus- Ation engines, and particularly to manifold structure designed for use with "multiple cylinder engines; the principal object ofthe features of manifold construction in which my invention consists being to provide for a more elfective--heating of the combustible mixture as it flows from the carbureter through the intake manifold of the engine, andinto the cylinders thereof. l

'A further object of my invention is to e simple in construction, and one which may be readily produced by simple casting operation at p resent in use; and a still further object o'f my invention is to provide a manifold structure including heatin means for a portion of the intake manifol and wherein the amount of exhaustgas etnployed for heating purposes may be regulated to produce proper heating of the combustible mixture and a proper operation of the engine.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification, and wherein the preferred embodiment o f my invention is illust-rated: I

Figure 1 is a view showing a portion of a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine in side elevation, the same belng equipped with my inventlon;

Figure 2 1s a view showing the intake and exhaust manifolds of my invention partly in side elevation, and partly 1n section upon a plane extending longitudinally of said members;

Figure 3 is a view also showing the intake and exhaust manifolds partly in plan, and partly in section upon a horizontal plane extending along the exhaust manifold;

Figure 4 is a view showing a transverse section upon a plane indicated by thel line 4,4, Figure l;

`Figure 5 is a fragmentary view showing the casing whereby a heating chamber is provided for the intake manifold, as seen forming from a down.

Although the drawing accompanying and a gart of this specification lllustrates what regard as the preferred form of my invention it will 'be appreciated that the same may be variously modified, and

position above the same, looking that my invention includes such modifica-- tions of the particular form thereof illustrated as come within the scope of the concluding claims.

Referring now'to the drawing, the reference numeral 6 designates a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine which may obviously be of any particular form, as my invention is not limited to use of the manifold construction wherein it consists in connection with any particular multiple cylinder engine.

The intake manifold involved vin my invention -is made up of or comprises an up- L right conduit 7 which leads from the carllbureter 8, and a plurality ,of lateral conduits 9 leading from the upper end of said upright conduit to the intake ports of the engine. In the particular manifold structure illustrated three such lateral conduits are employed, two being arranged oppositey one another, and the third beingarranged at right angles to said opposite conduits, this being because the mani-fold illustrated is designed for use with a six cylinder internal combustion engine.

Formed integrally with the'intake manifold during the manufacture thereof by suitable casting operations is a casing 10 which encloses the confluence or junction between said several conduits, and which casing provides La heat-ing chamber 11 about the upper end of the'upright conduit 7 and the inner ends of the lateral conduits 9. This casing is open at its top, as best shown in Figure'; and the same is provided with vertically disposed internal partitions 12 located one upon each side the upper end of the casing, and terminating short from the bottom thereof, to thereby provide openings 13 beneath the lower ends of said partitions. within and provided no openings leading into or outfrom the same other than the openings which result lfrom the open top construction referred to and the partitions therein; and the path of exhaust gas. therethrough-is obviously from the exhaust manifold downward upon one side of the partition 12, through the openings 13, andlupward upon the other side of said partitions and back into theexhaust manifold.l l

The exhaust manifold includedl-in myinf-v of the intakeconduit 7 and extending downward fromv The heating chamber,V by the casing 10 has vention extends alongside and is illustratedL as located above the intake manifold, said exhaust manifold having branches 14 leading from the exhaust ports of the engine and through which the exhaust gases enter the manifold. This exhaust manifold is rovided with an opening shown at 15 in its under side in the drawing, which opening is of such size, and is so located as to register with the open upper end of the casing 10; so that the heating chamber is placed in communication with the interior of the exhaust manifold through the opening in the latter and through the open upper end -of the casing 10.

The exhaustl and int-alie manifolds are suitably fastened together at the lioint between them by providing said members with flanges which abut against one another, and by the use of suitable bolts 16 extending through said flanges, as will be ap reciated.

n order to cause exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold to flow through the chamber 11, and to regulate the amount of exhaust gases flowing through said chamber and thus the degree of heating of the combustible mixture flowing through the intake conduit, I provide a valve adjacent the said openings; said valve being shown as an oscillating valve 17 carried by a shaft 18 the ends of which are shown as sup orted in bearings 19 in the external wall o the exhaust manifold and which valve, when in the position shown in full lines Figures 2 and 4:, will deflect the exhaust gas and cause it. to flow downward and in to the heating chamber 11 upon one side of the partitions 12, then through the openings 13 at the lower ends of said partitions, and finally upward upon the opposite sides of said partitions and baclc into the exhaust manifold; the Lexhaust gas flowing into and from the heating chamber through the open top of the casing 10 and through the opening 13, as will be understood. l

When the controlling valve 17 is in a horizontal position as shown in dotted lines in Figure 2 little if any flow of exhaust gas will occur through the heating chamber, and the heating of the mixture is obviously at a minimum when the valve is in the dotted line position. The valve may, however, be made to assume various positions and, as necessarily follows, the amount of exhaust gas flowing through the heating chamber is de pendent upon the position which the said valve is made to assume.

The controlling valve 1T in the embodiment of my invention illustrated is so arranged as to operate in unison with the throttle valve of the carburetor, to thereby control the flow of combustible mixture to the engine and the heating of the same simultaneously. The throttle valve of the carbureter is carried upon a shaft, the position of which is indicated by the numeral 20, which shaft and throttle valve are operated lby a lever carried by the shaft indicated by the numeral 21. The numeral 22 indicates a rod operable from the dash or instrument board of the vehicle with which the engine is commonlyY used, said rod being connected with one arm of the lever 21 and the other arm thereof being connected with an arm 23 at. the end of the shaft 18, through a suitable link 21. The upper end of this4 link slides freely through an eye 25 carried by the arm 23; and a spring 26 is interposed between the eye and a stop collar 2l' upon the rod 21, in order that the throttlevalve may be moved after movement of the valve 17 is arrested, as by coming into engagement with asuitable stop at 28, Figure 2.

The interior of the exhaust conduit is illustrated as provided with an internal ledge 29, see Figure 1, which provides a port or opening in which the valve 17 is located. This, however, is a matter of convenience for enabling a close fitting of the valve in thepassage which it controls, and a more effective stop of the tlow of exhaust gas past the same when the valve is in its upright position shown in Figure 3, to be secured, rather than a necessary and essential detail of the valve in question. As above sugdested, the valve 1T is shown as provided with a lip or extension 30 which engages a stop at 28 when the valvev is in its down position and, as appears in Figure Il, said valve is provided with va portion 31 extending below the shaft 18 which-makes close contact with the upper wall of the intake conduit when the valve is in its vertical position, as shown in Figure 1.

ln view of the premises it will be appreciated that the intake and exhaust manifolds are entirely separate and distinct from one another as structures, and are manufactured each independently of the other, thereby much simplifying the making of the same; and that the manifold structure re-` garded in its entirety is one which can be much more readily `cast than is the case wherein similar manifolds are combined in a single integral structure. yThe two manifolds, while they are commonly assembled before attaching them to the engine, are structurally separate and independent, thus avoiding strains in the manifold structure when the same is in use which is a fault frequently met with in structures wherein similar manifolds are integral with one another. At the saine time an extremely effective heating is secured as the heat is applied to the intake manifold by the use of a chamber of large capacity, and which is in direct communication with the exhaust manifold and,

nally, that no separate and independent conduit leading exhaust gas away from the heating chamber is necessary as the exhaust of said several conduits, an

lateral conduits leading to intake ports of the engine; a casing enclosin the coniuence which casing is open at its top and provides a heating chamber about the upper end of said upright conduit and the inner ends of said lateral conduits; an exhaust manifold l extending along and located above said intake manifold and having branches leading from exhaust ports of the engine, and an opening .in its under side so arran ed as to register withl the open upper end o the casing aforesaid; and'a valve located adjacent said openings and adapted to cause varying amounts of exhaust gas flowing throu h said exhaust n manifold to How through t e open upper end of said casing and into said heating vback into said exhaust manifold.

chamber, and out from said heating charn-v4 ber through said open upper end and back into said'exhaust manifo 2. In manifold'structure for-multiple cylinder internalcombustion engines, an intake manifold having an u right conduit leading from a carbureter, an apluralityof lateral conduits leading to intake ports of the engine; a casing enclosing the confluence of said several conduits, and which casing is open at its top and. provides a heating chamber about the uppeli` end of said upright conduit andthe inner ends of said lateral conl tending along said intake manifold and havduits; an exhaust manifold .extending along and located above said intake manifold' and having branches leading -from exhaust ports of the engine, and an opening in its under side so arranged as to register with the open upper end of the casing aforesaid; an oscillating. shaftsupported in bearings provided in the wall of 'said exhaust manifold, and located substantially in the plane of the opening therein; and a valve carried by said shaft and extending upward and into said manifold, and vadapted' to cause varying amounts of exhaust gas owing through said exhaust manifold to flow through the openin in said exhaust' manifold and through said heating chamber,andout from said heating chamber through said opening and 3. In a manifold structure for multiple flow therefrom cylinder internal combustion engines, an intake manifoldv having an upright conduit leading from a carbureter, and a plurality of lateral conduits leading to intake ports of the engine; a casin enclosing the confluence of said several con nits, and which casing is open at its top and provides a heating chamber about the upper end of said upright conduit and the inner ends of said lateral conduits; partitions arranged inside said casing and terminating above the bottoml thereof, whereby passages leading from the open to of said casin downward and beneath said partitions, an then upward to the open top thereof, are provided; an exhaust mani' fold extending along said intake manifold and having vbranches leading from exhaust portsof the engine, andan opening so arranged as to register with the open upper end ofthe casing aforesaid; and a. valve located above the openings -in said `exhaust manifold and in said chamber and adapted to cause exhaust gas from said manifold to flow downward through said heating cham- 1 ber uponl one side o said partitions, and upward through said chamber on the other side of said partitions and back into said m-anifold.

4. In a manifold structure for multiple cylinder internal combustion engines, an 1ntake manifold having an upright conduit, leading from a carbureter, and a plurality of lateral conduits leading to intake orts of the engine; a throttle valve adapte to 'control the How of combustible mixture through saidl'conduit; a casing enclosing the confluence of said Several conduits, and whichecasing is open at its upper end and provides a heating chamber about the upper end of said upright conduit and the innerends of said lateral conduits; an exhaustv manifold ex-` casing aforesaid; an oscillating valve located adjacent said openin s and adapted to cause* i varyin amounts. 'exhaust as owng throng said exha stv manifo d to ow through said heating chamber; a stop with vwhich said valve engages when in its closed position; a shaft supported in bearin s in .the wall of said exhaust manifold and w ereby 'said valve is supported, said shaft having an arm at its outer end; lever whereby said throttle valve may be manually operated; and a 'yieldable link member intermediate said arm and said lever.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

' ROBERT K. JACK. 

